How to configure Routers and Gateways?

49.How to configure Routers and Gateways?
Ans.
1. The router connected to each network is called its gateway.

2. IP forwarding is enabled by using following commands:
echo ”1” > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

3. If a system has two network interfaces, the network interfaces would be configured as shown below:

4. INTERFACE ADDRESS MASK
Eth0 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.128
Eth1 192.168.1.129 255.255.255.128

5. The network routing the system would use is as follows:
DESTINATION GATEWAY MASK INERFACE
192.168.1.0 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.128 eth0
192.168.1.128 192.168.1.129 255.255.255.128 eth1

6. To finish the changes we use following commands:
#route add –net 192.168.1.0
#route add default gw 192.168.129

Comments

Explain process of setting up a NIC (Network interface card).

44.Explain process of setting up a NIC (Network interface card). Ans. 1. Network interface card (NIC) can be set-up by configuring the network card and internal network. 2. Before configuring network card we must check loopback (IP address 127.0.0.1) is working. 3. Even if the compute is not connected to outside network internet network configuration is required for some applications. This address is known as loopback device, and its IP address is 127.0.0.1 4. To check loopback device is configured or not, we use ‘ifconfig’ command it shows a device called ‘lo’ with the address 127.0.0.1, if this device and address is not shown there then loopback is not configured. 5. To configure it we can use command ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1 after that we need to use the ‘route’ command to give system a little more information about this interface for this ‘route add –net 127.0.0.0’ command is used, after this loopback is setup. 6. To configure a network card we will use ifconfig co...

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List and explain all NFS server commands.

65.List and explain all NFS server commands. Ans. 1. exportfs: a) The exportfs command enables user to manipulate the list of current exports without editing /etc/exports. b) It also maintains the list of currently exported file system in /var/lib/nfs/etab. Example: The exportfs –a command initializes /var/lib/nfs/etab, synchronizes it with the contents of /etc/exports. c) To add a new export to etab and also /etc/exports the syntax is : #exportfs –o opts hostdir d) Example: #exportfs –o sync,rw 192.168.166.7:/demo The above command exports the directory /demo to client 192.168.166.7 with export option rw and sync. e) –v option of this command, lists currently exported filesystem. Example: #exportfs –v f) –u options unexports the filesystem as follow: Example: #exportfs –u 192.168.166.7:/demo 2. showmount: a) The showmount command provides information about clients and the file systems they have mounted. b) Syntax is : #showmount [-advhe] [host] ...

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