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Explain process of setting up a NIC (Network interface card).

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44.Explain process of setting up a NIC (Network interface card).
Ans.
1. Network interface card (NIC) can be set-up by configuring the network card and internal network.

 2. Before configuring network card we must check loopback (IP address 127.0.0.1) is working.

 3. Even if the compute is not connected to outside network internet network configuration is required for some applications. This address is known as loopback device, and its IP address is 127.0.0.1

 4. To check loopback device is configured or not, we use ‘ifconfig’ command it shows a device called ‘lo’ with the address 127.0.0.1, if this device and address is not shown there then loopback is not configured.

 5. To configure it we can use command ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1 after that we need to use the ‘route’ command to give system a little more information about this interface for this
‘route add –net 127.0.0.0’ command is used, after this loopback is setup.

 6. To configure a network card we will use ifconfig command with eth0, for one Ethernet device.

 7. We also need to know IP address; net mask; broadcast address, these numbers vary depending on the type of network being built.

 8. For example , we’ll configure an Ethernet interface for an internal network by following command:
Ifconfig eth0 192.168.25 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.2.255

 9. It’ll create a device name eth0 with respective IP address, net mask and broadcast address.

 10. To add addition computers to network, we need to repeat this process on other computers with different IP address.

 11. In addition to configuring the network cards on each of the computers in network, three files on each computer need to be modified.
/etc/nsswitch.conf- contain configuration information for the name resolver and should contain following line ‘hosts: files dns’
/etc/hosts- contain the name of all the computers on the local network or outside network.
/etc/resolv.conf- contain information about name servers employed to resolve hostname.
/etc/sysconfig/network- Contains two lines as follows:
NETWORKING= yes
HOSTNAME= (host and domain name of your system)


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