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Explain the file systems supported by Linux.

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21.Explain the file systems supported by Linux.
Ans.
1. Linux can read/write to several file system that originated with other operating system much different from Linux.

 2. One reason that Linux supports so many file systems is the design of its virtual file system (VFS) layer, its provides a fairly universal forms of file support, file systems supported by Linux are as follows:

 3. ext3:
• Ext3 stands for third extended file system.
• Starting from Linux Kernel 2.4.15 ext3 was available.
• The main benefit of ext3 is that it allows journaling.
• Journaling has a dedicated area in the file system, where all the changes are tracked.
• When the system crashes, the possibility of file system corruption is less because of journaling. (If no journaling, then fsck command (file system consistency check) is used to check for the corrupted file and to repair that file).
• ext3 keeps a record of uncommitted file transactions and applies only those transactions when the system is brought back up.

 4. ext2(non-journaling file system):
• ext2 stands for second extended file system.
• ext2 does not have journaling feature.
• On flash drives, USB drives, ext2 is recommended.
• Can handle file systems up to 4 TB
• It supports long file names up to 1012 characters.
• In case user processes fill up a file system, ext2 normally reserves about 5% of disk blocks for exclusive use by root so that root can easily  recover from that situation.

 5. reiserfs:
It is a journaling file system designed for fast server’s performance especially in directories containing thousands of files.

 6. SystemV:
Linux currently provides read support for SystemV partitions, the SystemV file system driver currently supports AFS/EAFS/EFS, Xeniex and few more file system.

 7. ufs:
Used in Solaris and eary BSD operating systems.

 8. FAT:
FAT is one of the few different file systems used with window over years, originally created for DOS and used on 360k its address space is extended from 16bit-32bit, so it can handle large file system.

 9. NTFS:
It is a b-tree file system, meaning it has performance and readability advantage including journaling and supports encryption and compression over FAT.

 10. IBM jfs:
Created by IBM and used for high-throughput server environments.

 11. SGI XFS:
Newest system for all silicon graphics system from workstations to supercomputer line.


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